Gardening in Arizona

Everything we have worked out for Arizona: what to plant and when, which varieties finish in time, the pests that actually turn up here, and the jobs that pay off month by month. We also cover the rest of the property, from lawns and soil to home care and energy, because a garden rarely stops at the vegetable bed.

The numbers first, because everything else follows from them. Measured at the weather station in Phoenix, the last spring freeze falls around no freeze in most years; a rare cold snap can bring 32F between late December and mid January and the first fall freeze falls around no reliable fall freeze; see the note, USDA zones 4b-10b, 8,014 growing degree days in the year.

Heat, not frost, is what shortens the season here: above 86 °F tomato pollen goes sterile, so growers run a spring crop and an autumn one rather than a single long season. Garlic is the awkward one: only 0 weeks below 40 °F, where it needs six to split into cloves. Chill the cloves before planting, or grow a softneck type.

Elsewhere on the property in Arizona: the pests that turn up here.

Figures from NOAA's 1991-2020 climate normals. A state is not one climate: elevation, a large lake or the coast can move these dates by two weeks either way, so check your own county with the extension service before you spend money.

What Eats Carrot in Arizona, and When

Freshly harvested carrots with soil clinging to their roots displayed on dark garden soil in a raised bed with flowering plants in the background.

Seven of the insects Arizona’s extension service documents for home gardens will actually feed on a carrot planting, and none of them touch the root…

What Eats Beet in Arizona, and When

A young beet seedling with purple root and green leaves growing in dark garden soil with a cultivated field visible in the background.

In Arizona’s low desert, beet plantings face insect pressure practically year-round, since a hard freeze is rare enough that it barely shapes the growing…

What Eats Garlic in Arizona, and When

Early spring vegetable seedlings sprouting in terracotta pots with protective frost cloth in a backyard garden setting.

University of Arizona Cooperative Extension documents ten garden pests active in this state, but only four of them have any real reason to be in a garlic…